Surging Calls to Poison Centers Due to Weight-Loss Drug Overdoses

Ozempic, a popular weight-loss drug, has been making headlines recently due to a surge in calls to poison centers related to its overdose. The increasing incidents of Ozempic overdose have raised concerns among healthcare professionals and sparked a discussion about the safety and potential risks of this medication.

Poison control centers in the United States have reported a dramatic rise in calls concerning semaglutide, a medication commonly used for diabetes management and weight loss. Incidents of accidental overdoses have been increasingly reported, leading to hospitalizations in some cases.

**Rising Incidents of Semaglutide-Related Overdoses**

From January to November, America's Poison Centers recorded almost 3,000 calls involving semaglutide, marking a staggering increase of over 1,500% since 2019. In 94% of these cases, semaglutide was the sole substance involved. Symptoms often include severe nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain, with many cases resolving after treatment with intravenous fluids and anti-nausea medications.

**FDA-Approved Uses and Side Effects**

Semaglutide, approved by the FDA in 2017, is marketed as Ozempic for diabetes and Wegovy for weight loss. Even under prescribed usage, side effects like nausea, vomiting, and constipation can occur, particularly when initiating treatment.

**Impact of Social Media and Compounded Versions**

The drug gained significant attention in 2022 when celebrities endorsed Ozempic on social media as a weight-loss solution. This surge in demand led to a shortage, prompting the production of compounded versions of semaglutide. These versions, often containing semaglutide sodium or acetate, have not undergone the same safety and efficacy tests as the patented drug. As a result, they may be associated with higher risks and unapproved dosages.

The FDA has cautioned against using compounded versions if prescription forms are available, citing reports of adverse events. However, compounded versions remain popular due to their lower cost, especially when treatments are not covered by insurance.

**Response from Poison Control Centers and the FDA**

Poison control centers are unable to determine if the calls relate to patented or compounded versions of the drug. However, some state poison center directors suspect the compounded versions are a significant contributor to these calls.

**Symptoms and Emergency Response**

Emergency departments are limited to providing supportive care with intravenous fluids and anti-nausea drugs while the drug clears the body. The Missouri Poison Center also warns of potential hypoglycemia, particularly when semaglutide is used alongside other diabetes medications. Symptoms of a semaglutide overdose can range from lightheadedness and dizziness to more severe reactions like seizures and confusion.

**Advice for Suspected Overdose**

In cases of suspected overdose of a weight loss drug, it is crucial to contact your local poison control center or the national hotline at 800-222-1222 for immediate assistance.